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QUIZ 7
Each Correct Answer is Worth 1 point (100 questions)
1. When preparing to massage a horse, your first priority should be:
A) get a history
B) introduce yourself to the horse
C) safety
D) make sure you have all of the tools and equipment you will need
2. Situations that could cause problems during a massage are:
A) dogs and children playing in the barn
B) the horse doesn’t tie well
C) flies
D) all of the above
E) a and b, but not c
3. You arrive at a barn and have a choice of three areas in which to do your massage. Which would be your first choice?
A) wash rack with cross-ties and a concrete pad
B) a corner in the horse’s stall
C) a big wide barn aisle with cross-ties
7. Being aware of how you use your body while doing a massage has what advantage?
A) can keep you from getting stepped on
B) keep your hands from getting sore
C) keep you from getting kicked
D) all of the above
8. Using grooming tools during a massage:
A) is a “cop out”; you’re not really doing massage
B) allows you to exert greater pressure in some areas
C) keeps the horse happy because it thinks it’s being groomed
10. Some things that can keep your body from suffering strain or soreness when doing equine massage are:
A) get a massage for yourself and use some tools
B) get a massage for yourself and wear steel-toes shoes
C) do some hand stretching exercises and wear a jacket so you won’t get bitten
11. What would be a good reason for keeping two hands on a horse during a massage?
A) you can push the horse off your foot if it steps on you
B) this contact tells you how the horse is reacting to your touch
C) a good massage requires that both hands be massaging at the same time
12. One of the advantages of using your body weight as you massage a horse is:
13. Horses step where
14. Which of the following constitutes good use of your body when massaging a horse?
A) keeping most of your weight on one foot
B) using your body weight
C) keep one foot behind the other
D) all of the above
15. Horses are usually most sensitive to touch and pressure in what general area of their bodies?
16. Horses that are most likely to kick are usually sore in what part of their bodies?
17. Horses that are the most likely to bite are usually sore in what part of their bodies?
18. Give at least two ways of effectively dealing with horses that try to bite.
19. List three things (beside massage tools) that you feel would be most helpful to have with you when you go to do a massage on a horse.
20. In order for pressure to be effective, what must happen?
21. Which of the following statements is correct?
A) Horses that are sore and those that are tight will respond to pressure in the same way.
B) Muscle density plays a part in a horse’s response to pressure.
C) Using deep pressure in your massage can cause serious tissue damage in a sore muscle.
D) all of the above
E) a and b above
23. My preference as a starting place for massage on a horse is ___________.
24. If a horse’s long back muscles are tight, but not sore, describe some techniques you would use to loosen them.
25. How would you change the approach you used in question 24 if these muscles were sore?
26. Describe the major difference between the muscles in the loins and those of the thoracic area of the back.
27. How do you think this difference discussed in question 26 would affect what you do in your massage in the loins?
28. Describe some responses from the horse that will indicate that you are achieving releases in the loins.
29. When massaging the tops of the haunches, which superficial muscles will you be working on?
30. In horses that gallop and jump, the muscles in the tops of the haunches are likely to get __________.
31. These muscles in the tops of the haunches are likely to be ________ in horses that use primarily an up/down motion with their hind legs.
32. Which muscles in a horse’s body would most benefit from massage that pushes straight down into the muscle from above?
33. Where in the gluteus muscles would you use the stress point technique?
34. Where in the gluteus muscles would you use the trigger point technique?
35. Describe what appears to be a major difference between the lumbar/sacral joint of the horse and a human.
36. Describe what kind of problem there could be in the lumbar/sacral joint of a “goose-rumped” horse.
37. Gluteus muscles that are tight in a contracted state:
A) will inhibit the lowering, or dropping, or the pelvis
B) will put stress on the hip joint
C) are often seen in Arabians
D) all of the above
38. If the gluteus muscles are tight in an extended state, describe how you would approach correcting the problem and the techniques you think might be the most effective.
39. Describe the major difference in the upper attachments of the hamstring muscles of a horse and a human.
40. How will tight hamstrings affect the working of the horse’s hind legs?
41. The most effective place to massage the hamstrings would be:
A) the upper attachments
B) the lower attachments
C) both a and b
42. If the horse’s stifle joint is rotated outward (rather than pointing straight forward), a contraction in which muscle would most likely be the major problem?
43. Adductor muscles:
A) are found in the horse’s hind legs and their primary function is to move the legs forward and back
B) are positioned on the inside of the hind legs and hold the legs close to the body
C) are positioned on the outside of the leg and move the legs away from the body
D) move the hind legs away from the body and are frequently sore
44. Which of the following would be an effective technique for working on the adductors?
A) positional release
B) muscle combing
C) kneading
D) compression
45. Suggest two good reasons why it would not be appropriate to use tools when massaging the adductors.
46. The quadriceps:
A) are four muscles that are grouped together, but do different jobs
B) are found on the backs of the hind legs
C) pull the stifle forward
D) are all accessible to massage
47. The area between the last rib and point of the hip:
A) is too small an area to have any significant muscle problems that can affect a horse’s movement
B) can be tight, have trigger and stress points and muscle spasms all in this one small area
49. Name three muscles whose origin attachment is to the point of the hip (Coxal tuber).
50. Explain the importance of the Latissimus dorsi muscle.
51. To be the most effective, where would you do your massage on the Latissimus dorsi?
52. Give three reasons why the area behind the shoulder could be sore.
53. How many Serratus “fingers” attach to the ribs?
54. When the Serratus “fingers” contract, how does this affect the rib cage?
55. Describe what you might see in a horse’s conformation if the Serratus muscle lacks tone and is in an extended state.
56. What are the two important functions of the Rhomboid muscle?
57. Name a major cause of soreness in the Rhomboid muscle
58. The job of the muscles of the belly line is to contract, therefore these muscles are ___________.
59. Name the two major muscle groups that are found in the underline of the horse’s torso.
61. The _________ is important in supporting the horse’s back.
A) external oblique
B) internal oblique
C) rectus abdominis
62. The _________ is shaped like a sling.
A) external oblique
B) internal oblique
C) rectus abdominis
63. The __________ extends from the pubic bone to the ribs.
A) external oblique
B) internal oblique
C) rectus abdominis
64. Tightness in the __________ can affect expansion of the lungs.
A) external oblique
B) internal oblique
C) rectus abdominis
65. The _________ supports the intestines.
A) external oblique
B) internal oblique
C) rectus abdominis
66. The _________ covers the horse’s rib cage.
A) external oblique
B) internal oblique
C) rectus abdominis
67. The _________ would be the one that would respond most positively to upward pressure of your finger tips.
A) external oblique
B) internal oblique
C) rectus abdominis
68. Describe two important functions of the three pectoral muscles found in the horse’s chest.
69. Of the five muscles described in the shoulder area, which supports the joint between the shoulder blade and the humerus?
70. Of the five muscles described in the shoulder area, which is an extensor?
71. Of the five muscles described in the shoulder area, which lies in front of the shoulder blade?
72. Explain the significance of a “dip” in the horse’s neck just in front of the withers.
73. Explain the significance of a “dip” or sharp angle where the withers merge into the horse’s back.
74. What is a major function of the Trapezius muscle?
75. Which raises the lower portion of the horse’s neck?
A) Brachiocephalicus
B) Cervical Serratus
C) Splenius
76. Which extends down the entire length of the horse’s neck?
A) Brachiocephalicus
B) Cervical Serratus
C) Splenius
77. Which is involved with lateral bending in the upper portion of the neck?
A) Brachiocephalicus
B) Cervical Serratus
C) Splenius
78. Which brings the nose in toward the point of the shoulder?
A) Brachiocephalicus
B) Cervical Serratus
C) Splenius
79. Tight spots and lumps in the lower portion of the neck may not be problems in the Brachiocephalicus muscle, but is much more likely to be problems in the __________.
A) Brachiocephalicus
B) Cervical Serratus
C) Splenius
80. Which of the muscles has an attachment at the withers?
A) Brachiocephalicus
B) Cervical Serratus
C) Splenius
81. Reasons for doing massage on a horse’s head would be:
A) head stiffness can cause hindquarter stiffness
B) to loosen the jaw joint
C) to obtain poll flexion
D) all of the above
E) b and c, but not a
82. Describe “poll flexion”.
83. Choose one of the following subjects and write a short paragraph about the problem and how you might use massage to improve or correct it. A. a horse that cribs; B. a horse that, when being ridden, over-flexes at the 3rd vertebrae; C. a horse that, when being ridden, consistently goes with its nose poked out and is heavy in its throatlatch
84. Which of the following muscles are flexors?
A) Splenius and Mylohyoid
B) Brachiocephalicus and Sternohyoid
C) Atlas and Omohyoid
D) Rhomboid and Splenius
85. When two muscles cross each other and work in different directions a may develop at that junction.
86. Which of the following statements about the jaw joint is NOT true?
A) the coronoid process is part of the lower jaw bone
B) the coronoid process is situated between the horse’s eye and ear
C) the coronoid process is situated on the outside of the zygomatic arch
D) the coronoid process is the pivot point for the movement of the lower jaw
87. Name two muscles that massage can loosen by compressing the muscle against a bone behind it.
89. Complete the following statement. “Effective communication is not about what you say, it is ______________.”
90. Which statement reflects the best approach when talking to a horse owner?
A) Use common horse terms even if they are not anatomically correct because that is what the owner is use to hearing
B) Educate the owner by using only correct anatomical and medical terms
91. Which of the following would NOT be considered unprofessional conduct?
A) approaching horse owners at shows and competitions and describing all of their horse’s muscular problems and how you can fix them
B) while trying to impress a horse owner with you massage ability, you tell them about the massage you just did on a competitor’s horse, describing the horse’s problems
C) approaching horse owners and giving them your card and offering to share information about the benefits of massage
D) you want to demonstrate your massage skills, so you go into a stall and start massaging a horse even though no one is around.
92. To be effective, massage can be done:
A) 20 minutes before a competition
B) the night before competition
C) once a month
D) one or two weeks apart
E) any of the above
93. You’ve been asked to massage a horse that makes its circle smaller when going to the right and has difficulties bending when circling to the left. To be the most effective, on which side of the horse would you start your massage?
A) the left side
B) the right side
C) it doesn’t make any difference
94. Describe your reasoning for your answer to question #93.
95. Which of the following would be a reason for not massaging a horse?
A) the horse was given a muscle relaxant earlier in the day
B) the horse has a history of bad behavior and striking and you don’t want to get hurt
C) the horse is under a veterinarian’s care
D) a and c, but not b
E) all of the above
97. Which of the following statements is most correct?
A) massaging a horse in cold weather can be effective under certain circumstances
B) massaging a horse outside in a cold wind is a waste of time
C) trying to massage a horse that has a blanket on can be difficult, but can still be effective
D) all of the above
98. Describe the difference between a lateral displacement and a longitudinal displacement of vertebrae in a horse’s spine.
99. Where do the most common chiropractic misalignments occur?
A) at the poll and at the joint between the last neck vertebra (C – 7) and the first vertebra of the rib cage (T – 1)
B) in the lower neck vertebrae and the jaw joint
C) at the poll and the lumbar/sacral joint
D) in the thoracic (rib cage) vertebrae and the hock joint
100. The back muscles of a horse that you are massaging are very tight and there is a “wave” in the line of the vertebrae. As you work on the area the horse becomes very agitated and defensive. What could be the problem?